6.2.2 Amendment to Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.4 Death, funeral, and memorial gatherings.2.4 Opposition to the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA).2.2 Progressive Change Campaign Committee.In 2013, Swartz was inducted posthumously into the Internet Hall of Fame. Two days after the prosecution rejected a counter-offer by Swartz, he was found dead by suicide in his Brooklyn apartment. Swartz declined a plea bargain under which he would have served six months in federal prison. Federal prosecutors, led by Carmen Ortiz, later charged him with two counts of wire fraud and eleven violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, carrying a cumulative maximum penalty of $1 million in fines, 35 years in prison, asset forfeiture, restitution, and supervised release. In 2011, Swartz was arrested by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) police on state breaking-and-entering charges, after connecting a computer to the MIT network in an unmarked and unlocked closet, and setting it to download academic journal articles systematically from JSTOR using a guest user account issued to him by MIT. He founded the online group Demand Progress, known for its campaign against the Stop Online Piracy Act. In 2010, he became a research fellow at Harvard University's Safra Research Lab on Institutional Corruption, directed by Lawrence Lessig. He helped launch the Progressive Change Campaign Committee in 2009 to learn more about effective online activism. Swartz's work also focused on civic awareness and activism. (a merger of Swartz's project Infogami and Redbrick Solutions, a company run by Alexis Ohanian and Steve Huffman). He was given the title of co-founder of Reddit by Y Combinator owner Paul Graham after the formation of Not a Bug, Inc. He was involved in the development of the web feed format RSS, the Markdown publishing format, the organization Creative Commons, the website framework web.py, and joined the social news site Reddit six months after its founding. Internet Hall of Fame 2013 (posthumously)Īaron Hillel Swartz (November 8, 1986 – January 11, 2013) was an American computer programmer, entrepreneur, writer, political organizer, and Internet hacktivist. Safra Center for EthicsĪmerican Library Association's James Madison Award (posthumously) Software developer, writer, internet activistĬreative Commons (development), Reddit (co-founder),, Open Library, DeadDrop, Progressive Change Campaign Committee, Demand Progress (co-founder), ThoughtWorks, Tor2webįellow, Harvard University Edmond J.

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